Gender and Diversity Action Planning (GaDAP) – a game changing process for the transport sector

Background

To be more innovative and to meet the needs of all people, the transport sector needs approaches and strategies that investigate how mobility and gender mutually influence and depend on each other. Also, the sector needs to take into account the diversity within groups of women and men in different contexts. To work with gender action plans (GAP) is a common method to support gender equality, but to date this has not included diversity issues. The TInnGO project responds to this need in both research and practice by introducing the new and pathbreaking method of Gender and Diversity Action Plans (GaDAPs).

The development of these Gender and Diversity Action Plans builds on the existing methods of Gender Action Plans (GAP), which is a central pillar in European work for gender equality. The GAP relates to the strategy of Gender Mainstreaming as a specific tool to integrate gender throughout decision making, planning, and design by identifying imbalances and inequalities in processes where gender has been invisible or not regarded as important. Yet, while gender is a recurrent evidence of inequality in the transport sector, other categories, such as class, disability and age, play a crucial role in transport needs and mobility barriers. That is why TInnGO introduces the intersectional approach in processes of ensuring a sustainable and inclusive transport system in the future, also captured in the concept of Gender Smart Mobility.

The development of GaDAPs has especially emphasized the processes of translating theory into practice. Five indicators have been defined to guide the work (see list below). While the framework of the GaDAP method is general, the implementation has to be practice oriented and context specific to enable a strategic approach. The GaDAPs serve as examples for inspiration to start including perspectives of gender and diversity in various areas of transport. The GaDAPs are ongoing processes aiming for a sustainable and inclusive game change of transport and mobility in Europe and are based in the following countries: Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, and UK.

The theoretical background and more details can be found in the TInnGO Report on GaDAPs in Gender Smart Mobility D4.8*.

List below: Gender Smart Mobility contains 5 dimensions, which can be used as indicators to measure the degree to which transport solutions meet the needs of various people.

(*Document being reviewed by the European Commision).

Gender Smart Mobility dimensions

Transport is not ‘smart’ if citizens cannot afford to use it. Affordability must be regarded for all forms of transport: Public transport solutions, smart cars, smart biking, and walking.

QUESTIONS FOR A GaDAP

  • What are the gendered dimensions in affordable transport?
  • Affordable for whom?
  • How does ‘affordable’ looks when integrating at other categories?
  • Keep in mind, the gender pay gap and that women in general have less access to resources than men.

An effective transport system is one that is effective for different kind of trips and users. Research shows that men and women travel differently, having different purposes that daily transport systems must account for. Smart transport solutions must accommodate both work and care trips for example. What is effective also needs to include intersectional categories, such as age, (dis)abilities, and class.

QUESTIONS FOR A GADAP

  • What are the gendered dimensions in effective transport?
  • Who is this effective for and who not?
  • How does ‘effective’ looks when other intersecting social categories are included and crossed, such as women and age?
  • Keep in mind, that women are more often in charge of care trips, bringing children to and from childcare institutions.

Attractive transport counts for a transport system that is customized and comfortable for a broad group of people. It not only involves a transport system that works efficiently, but which also considers the users’ wishes for a clean, safe and convenient place to be at. The dimensions of attraction must include surrounding areas, such as bus stops and train stations, and consider the user’s differences in age, background, and gender. An attractive transport system is also adaptable to changes in user needs and wishes.

QUESTIONS FOR A GADAP

  • What are the gendered dimensions in attractive transport?
  • How does ‘attractive’ looks when more social categories are included, such as age and ethnicity?
  • Keep in mind, that women (and LGBTQ-persons) more often feel unsafe waiting at dark bus stops, train stations and in deserted areas.

A key dimension in Smart Transport is that it provides an environment friendly and green way of moving around. Smart transport aims at reducing CO2 emissions, both through the development of new smart technologies, as well as by improving opportunities for green forms of mobility, such as walking and cycling. Further, sustainable transport also holds a social dimension, being socially sustainable for a broad group of users. This includes perspectives of gender and diversity in so far that all groups must be accounted for in offering green transport. Now and in the future.

QUESTIONS FOR A GADAP

  • What are the gendered dimensions in sustainable transport?
  • Does the system offer sustainable transport solutions for various social groups with regard to issues such as economy, disability, and age?
  • Are some groups more attracted to sustainable mobility solutions than others and do actions cater for these differences?
  • Keep in mind, that sustainable transport includes a social dimension, meaning that transport solutions must keep being attractive for all users also when users and user needs are changing.

An inclusive transport system can be said to integrate the previous four dimensions of affordable, effective, attractive and sustainable transport. Moreover, inclusive transport solutions are inclusive in so far that they combat discrimination towards certain groups of people. That can be discrimination due to race as well as gender, i.e. racism and sexual harassment.

QUESTIONS FOR A GADAP

  • What are the gendered dimensions of inclusive transport?
  • Are all people in different social groups able to use the transport solution?
  • Are some groups more vulnerable and face discrimination in their daily use of transport than others?
  • Keep in mind, that anti-discrimination efforts are crucial in ensuring an inclusive transport system.

Take a look at TInnGO GaDAPs

In this section you will find:

  • policy briefs summarising the findings from the work on GaDAPs that the TInnGO hubs have carried out
  • explanatory videos in which the hubs explain how they have developed their GaDAPs.